Over-browsing
by deer can decrease some herbs in the understory. This photo
shows the repeated browsing on green brier (Smilax spp.),
a herbaceous species in the understory of a mature oak-hickory
forest. The forest stand was found within a state park, Brown
County State Park, IN, which at the time was closed to hunting.
Outside the park (Yellowwood State Forest), where hunting was
allowed, over-browsing by deer was not observed. Estimates of
deer population indicated approximately 70 deer/mi2 within the
park. The estimated carrying capacity for the Central Hardwood
Region is 10-20 deer/mi^2.
Photo by S.E. Brown, MTU