Making Maple Syrup
The
tradition of making maple syrup in North America began with
Native Americans. At first, V-shaped slices were made in the
bark of Sugar Maple trees and a reed was inserted like a funnel.
This helped the sap to drain into buckets made out of birch
bark. Hot stones were placed into the sap to help concentrate
it. Later, when European
settlers
arrived and tasted the syrup they came up with methods for
helping to process the sap further.
Using wooden buckets to collect
larger amounts of sap and metal pots to boil it down, the
settlers were able to make batches of more concentrated syrup.
As time went by, they created complex systems of pipes that
would deliver the sap to a central area. This way, they could
tap a larger number of trees because they did not have to
spend their time collecting all the buckets from each tree.
To collect sap, trees that
are over 25 centimeters in diameter must be used. In late
February, when the weather starts to get above freezing, small
holes, about 1 centimeter in diameter, are drilled into the
trunk. This is not harmful to the trees as long as
no
more than three holes are drilled into a single tree. Metal
spouts are plugged into the holes and buckets are attached
to collect the sap.
It takes about 40 gallons of
sap to make one gallon of syrup. Once the sap has been collected
it is taken to the "sugar shack" where it is boiled
slowly over a low temperature. This releases water from the
sap and intensifies the flavor and color of the syrup.
For more information on the
history and making of maple syrup, check out these links: